Boards of intermediate and secondary Education. 

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Answer:

Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education (IIISEs) and universities are the examining bodies. Following certificates/diplomas/degrees are awarded after the completion of certain level of education: Secondary School Certificate (after 10 years waling); Higher Secondary School Certificate (after 12 years schooling); Bachelor’s degree (alter 14 years schooling); and Master’s degree (after 16 years schooling). Universities confer M.Phil, d Ph.D. degrees on the candidates who complete certain requirements of the concerned level of studies. 

These certificates/degrees are awarded after completion of general stream. 

There is a public examination system in the country. Some boards and universities are following the conventional system of awarding certificates and degrees on the basis of: Third division (33-44%); second division (45-59%); and First division % and above). 

Some boards and universities have introduced grades as: A (70% and above); B (60 -69%); C (50-59%); D (40-49%); E (33% to 39%); and F (Fail-Below 33 %). At the same time there are institutions in private sector preparing the students for ‘O’ level and level examinations of British Education System. 

Accreditation of higher education is determined by the University Grants Commission, Ministry of Education; Higher Education Commission (Accreditation and equivalence of school education (secondary and higher secondary level) is determined by Inter Board Committee of Chairmen (IBCC), an autonomous organization in the Ministry Education. 

At present there, are eight Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education at Rawalpindi, Sargodha, Gujranwala, Lahore, Multan, Faisalabad, Dera Ghazi Khan and Bahawalpur. The exclusive function of the Baard of Intermediate and Secondary Education is to hold Secondary School Certificate and Intermediate Examination and award certificates. They also hold examinations from Adeeb, Aalim and Faazil certificates in Urdu, Persian and Arabic languages. Following are functions of the Boards of Education and other autonomous bodies as reflected in the responsibilities of heads of these organizations.

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